Sexuality And The American Psychological Association

Long go the days of prude and proprietary notions of sexuality, in comes an era of more excepting generation that has accepted (for the majority) all of the twists and turns of sexuality and all of its counterparts. This generation during its liberation has been incarcerated by its own doing, instead of these people being seen as freed, they shamed and sexualized. Hyper-sexualization is defined by the American Psychological Association as â€Å"occurring when a person’s value comes only from his or her sexual appeal or behavior to the exclusion of other characteristics† (Jones). By this definition all qualities of a person is negated by their sex appeal. Then how can people hypersexualize children and youth? Aren’t they innately innocent? In†¦show more content†¦In America, the battle of hypersexualization is being wage, there are two main opposing groups and many extreme factions that are divided on the subject on of hypersexualization of youth, specifically girls. One side makes the claim that â€Å" we [have] no responsibility as a culture of the portrayal of girls as boy’s playing from and increasingly young age, and do we really believe that the growing degradation of women has no consequence† (Boteach). The other simply states â€Å"Children are not sexual. Exposed skin is not sexual. Children with exposed skin are not sexual† (Pickles). These two opposers generally agree in extreme cases of hypersexualization, where it can be detrimental to the child’s well-being. For example, child beauty pageants and how drastically it can sexualize a child. This sexualization will lead to mental health issues; eating disorder, unhealthy sexual development, and depression (Jones). For the smaller and more bine actions is where they clash. The daily routines of American youth, what they wear, act, speak, and show. Shmuley Boteach wrote an article addressing how Victoria’s Secret is targeting young girls with their PINK line. With words of â€Å"call me† and â€Å"I dare you† written on their underwear (Boteach).

Video Game Industry Analysis - 2720 Words

SALES, DEMOGRAPHIC AND USAGE DATA 2013 ESSENTIAL FACTS ABOUT THE COMPUTER AND VIDEO GAME INDUSTRY [ iii ] â€Å"No other sector has experienced the same explosive growth as the computer and video game industry. Our creative publishers and talented workforce continue to accelerate advancement and pioneer new products that push boundaries and unlock entertainment experiences. These innovations in turn drive enhanced player connectivity, fuel demand for products, and encourage the progression of an expanding and diversified consumer base.† —Michael D. Gallagher, president and CEO, Entertainment Software Association [ iv ] WHAT’S INSIDE WHO IS PLAYING 2 3 Who Plays Computer and Video Games? Who Buys Computer and Video Games?†¦show more content†¦of parents believe that the parental controls available on all new video game consoles are useful. Further, parents impose time usage limits on video games more than any other form of entertainment: 86% 79% of parents place time limits on video game playing 78% of parents place time limits on Internet usage 72% of parents place time limits on television viewing 69% of parents place time limits on movie viewing of the time parents areShow MoreRelatedHome Video Game Industry Analysis Essay862 Words   |  4 PagesSubject: The Home Video Game Industry: Industry Analysis History In 1949 the video game was thought of for the first time by an engineer named Ralph Baer but it would be years before video games would enter the spotlight.1 In 1972 Steve Bushnell started the first gaming company Atari. Until 1978 there were very few games for the home system. In 1982 Atari releases a newer version and sales start to sore. In 1985 Nintendo enters the market with the NES. Nintendo still outsells both companiesRead MoreFive Forces Analysis of the Video Game Industry943 Words   |  4 PagesForces Analysis of the Video Game Industry The video game industry is the economic sector involved with the development, marketing and sale of video and computer games. It includes video game consoles, game software, handheld devices, mobile games and online games. The video gaming industry has been growing exponentially in recent years with Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo competing for the higher profits in the market. This essay will analyze each of the five forces acting on the industry: threatRead MoreVideo Game Industry Analysis Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesIndustry background The video game industry (formally referred to as interactive entertainment) is the economic sector involved with the development, marketing and sale of video and computer games. It includes video game consoles, game software, handheld devices, mobile games and online games. The video gaming industry has been growing exponentially in recent years. The growth is expected to leap-frog in the future. Following chart shows the projected market share by 2010 of different segmentRead MoreVideo Game Industry Analysis2138 Words   |  9 PagesHistory The history of video games goes as far back as the 1940s, when in 1947 Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Este Ray Mann filed a United States patent request for an invention they described as a cathode ray tube amusement device. Video gaming would not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when arcade video games, gaming consoles and home computer games were introduced to the general public. Since then, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modernRead MoreVideo Game Industry- 5 Forces Analysis1442 Words   |  6 PagesForces Analysis of the Video Game Industry As in every industry, there are five competitive forces that determine the intensity of competition between the different players. These competitive forces are; the threat of entry of a new company in the industry, the threat of substitution by another product, the bargaining power of the buyers, the bargaining power of the suppliers, and rivalry among currently existing competitors. These competitive forces are easily seen in the video game industry, asRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Video Game Industry Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesevery other industry I believe the brand name is a pivotal component in the success of a company to sell products. The brand name speaks to the quality of the products, the consistency in the identity of the brand, the distribution intensity and the values of the brand. The brand name is what differentiates one product from another. A quality brand name also determines the price a product can be sold at. Although, Sony wasn’t previously known for being a powerhouse in the video game industry they haveRead MoreFive Forces Analysis of Video Game Console Industry Essay745 Words   |  3 PagesForces Analysis of Video Game Console Industry Threat of Substitutes: The main substitute for a video game console would be a personal computer. They can both be used for playing different types of video games and be used for entertainment. The threat of this substitute edging out video game consoles is very low, because they are not completely similar. If anything, video game consoles are edging out personal computers in the gaming industry. The threat of substitutes in the video game is notRead MoreVideo Games And The Video Game Industry1344 Words   |  6 Pages In the year 2016, the video game industry hit an important milestone. As seen in this 2015-2019 analysis, the industry hit a market value of over $100,000,000,000: (â€Å"THE GLOBAL GAMES MARKET REACHES $99.6 BILLION IN 2016, MOBILE GENERATING 37%†). Just like today, 1983 was looking great for the future of video games. However, unlike today, 1983 did not go great for the video game industry, it went awfully. In 1983, the video game industry crashed and h as not fully recovered to the value of the marketRead MoreThe Ultimate Gaming Experience : Buy Their Stocks1057 Words   |  5 PagesEntertainment Software Association in 2015, they found out that 155 million of Americans play video games. More interestingly, four out of five US households now own a device used to play video games. That device could be computer, gaming platform and also mobile devices. This information is relevant to have if we have the intention to invest in stocks in gaming industries. One of the big company in the gaming industry is GameStop Corporation. GameStop is a company that consisted many retail brands thatRead MoreSwot And Strategy Evaluation Of Gambling876 Words   |  4 Pagesis large business in the United States and other parts of the world. The gaming industry produces billions in income each year. Gambling comes in many forms; old-style casinos, the internet, and even machine gaming at local companies such as truck stops. However, the gaming marke t is very modest and not without risk. Large corporations produce millions if not billions of dollars to gain a reasonable edge. A SWOT analysis and strategy evaluation should be accomplished to assess factors in the business

Film Industry In Hindi Language From India †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Film Industry In Hindi Language From India? Answer: Introducation Bollywood industry represents the film industry in Hindi language from India. Currently, bollywood is one of the leading and prominent film industries around the world. Moreover, bollywood is having the record of producing highest number of movies every year. However, the key distinctive aspects of bollywood are something else which are creating waves in the Asian regions and around the world. The south Asian regions are already being covered by the craze of bollywood movies. The popularity of the bollywood movies is now expanding in other Asian regions. It is rapidly evolving as the popular culture in the Asian countries (Daspit and Weaver 2012). In the recent years, newly released bollywood movies are earning huge money from several Asian regions and they are going to prove as money spinner in various countries. Now the there are various concepts and debates being held to determine the reasons behind this popularity of bollywood movies in the Asian regions. This essay will discuss about the probable reasons of gaining popularity of bollywood movies along with discussing various theories being given by different authors. It will help to identify the core competitive advantages of these movies which help them to stay ahead over other competitors. According to Roy (2012), the key reason for the bollywood movies in becoming the popular culture in the Asian regions is the vibrant nature or approach of the movies. According to him, the approach of storytelling of the bollywood movies is much different than that of the approach of the movies from other countries. The film industry from America which is popularly known as Hollywood is the leading the film industry in the world. However, they are trailing behind the bollywood movies in terms of vibrancy. He also stated that bollywood movies involve more extensive use of colors and festivals which increase the aesthetic value of the movies. Thus, they are being more attracted by the people from various Asian regions who are not accustomed with these types of movies. Related to this concept, another author also added some more aspects which further help to identify the reasons for the bollywood movies for becoming the popular culture in different Asian regions. Mukherjee (2012), stated that involvement of songs in the movies is one of the key reasons for the bollywood industries to gain momentum in the Asian countries. This is due to the reason that, involvement of songs helps to gain more attractions towards the movies. Moreover, the songs normally used in the bollywood movies involve synchronized beats and tunes which feels pleasurable to hear. The songs and dance sequence being used in the bollywood movies is one of the unique features which helps to attract foreign audience. Thus, it helps to gain the instant attraction from the side of the audience. In the Asian regions, countries such as China, South Korea and Japan is also having prominent film industries but they are more influenced by the Hollywood culture and thus, bollywood movies are getting the market place by offering something different and unique to the audience. According to Willis (2013), bollywood movies also involve different genres in one single movie. Thus, audience has the choice of enjoying various genres in one single movie. Majority of the Hollywood and movies from other countries follows a single genre, whereas in the case of bollywood movies, action, romance, climax, songs and dance are all being involved in a single movie. This is also one of the key reasons of growing popularity of the bollywood movies in different Asian regions. Bollywood films have the perfect blend of all the genres in their mainstream movies which increase their attractiveness to the audience (Morcom 2017). This type of concept is new to the countries in the Asian regions expect the Indian subcontinent. Thus, bollywood is having large untapped market to grow by offering distinctive films. According to Roy (2016), the pattern and design of the story being portrayed by the bollywood movies is much easy to connect to the audience compared to other film industries. This is due to the reason that, bollywood movies involves the stories having social messages and the struggle of the masses in the daily life. Compared to this, Hollywood and other major movie industries convey more complicated story through their movies. Thus, the audience is finding easier to understand and relate with the bollywood movies compared to other movies. Another aspect that can be added here is the commercial viability of the bollywood movies which is more than that of other movie industries. The entire approach and design of the movies is being initiated keeping in mind the commercial viability of the project. Thus, the movies are being made according to the taste and preference pattern of the audience. It helps to attract the audience more effectively by serving them the product that they will en joy. Buga and Meyer (2012), stated that the migration of the Indian population is growing by leaps and bound and majority of the Asian countries are having large number of Indian population. Thus, this is another influencing factor for the gaining of popularity by the bollywood movies in the foreign countries. More people are being influenced by the Indian population living abroad and the culture of bollywood movies is gaining market penetration. According to Matusitz and Payano (2012), bollywood is slowing evolving as popular culture in major Asian countries due to many reasons. He also stated the catchy sound track of the bollywood movies is one of the key reasons of attracting foreign audiences. Moreover, according to him, bollywood movies are being perceived as the mode of entertainment only rather than the broader perspective of the Hollywood movies. Thus, this commercial factor is more influencing the popularity of the bollywood movies in the major Asian countries. However, there are various opposing views being given by different authors regarding the effectiveness of the bollywood movies. This is due to the reason that portrayal of bollywood movies is having various implications in the lifestyle of them. According to Ganti (2012), it is the time for the bollywood movies to look beyond the song and dance sequences and come out with more practical stories rather than portraying larger than life characters. It is also been stated that the portrayal of the characters in the bollywood movies are far away from the practical situation. Therefore, this shortcoming of the bollywood movies may have adverse effect on the audience. Another issue being stated by Tere (2012), regarding the bollywood movies is the representation of the females. Bollywood movies are notoriously known for representing females as sexual means. The dance and the movie sequence are being plotted in such way that it will represent the female characters as sexual objects. Moreover, according to the author, bollywood movies are accused for numerous times for wrong portrayal of the characters which often lead to misconceptions. Due to the reason of the rising bollywood culture, various social cultures based on caste, creed and religion are being type casted and stereotyped. Moreover, the art content of the film is being sacrificed for inducting more commercial elements. This cause quality reduction not only for the movies but also the audience is being deprived from having good content in the movies. However, with rise of the popularity of bollywood culture in different Asian countries and accepting it as the popular cultures by the major section of the populations is providing mileage for the soft power democracy for India (Blarel 2012). This is due to the reason that with the increase in the market of the bollywood movies, the business opportunities of the Indian Diaspora is also increasing. In addition, the influence of the bollywood movies on the common people will also help to expand the Indian culture in other Asian countries. More number of people will be attracted towards the Indian culture. Therefore, the soft democracy and bargaining power for India will rise in the Asian regions. Having analyzed the various aspects of the bollywood movies being transforming in to popular culture in majority of the Asian countries, it can be concluded that the content and the commercial elements of the bollywood movies are attracting more number of audiences. Bollywood movies are providing the instant and short term entertainment which is not being provided by movies from other leading film industries. This factor is further influencing the audiences to accept it as the popular culture. However, the drawbacks of the bollywood movies are also being critically analyzed in this essay. Thus, it s being recommended that overcoming the issues and introduction of good and healthy content will help bollywood movies to gain more popularity not only in the Asian regions but also around the world. Reference Blarel, N., 2012. India: the next superpower?: India's soft power: from potential to reality?. Buga, N. and Meyer, J.B., 2012.Indian human resources mobility: brain drain versus brain gain. Daspit, T. and Weaver, J.A. eds., 2012. Popular culture and critical pedagogy: Reading, constructing, connecting. Routledge. Ganti, T., 2012. No longer a frivolous singing and dancing nation of movie-makers: the Hindi film industry and its quest for global distinction.Visual Anthropology,25(4), pp.340-365. Matusitz, J. and Payano, P., 2012. Globalisation of popular culture: from hollywood to bollywood.South Asia Research,32(2), pp.123-138. Morcom, A., 2017. Hindi film songs and the cinema. Routledge. Mukherjee, M., 2012. The architecture of songs and music: soundmarks of Bollywood, a popular form and its emergent texts.Screen Sound Journal,3, pp.9-34. Roy, A.G. ed., 2012.The magic of Bollywood: at home and abroad. SAGE Publications India. Roy, S., 2016. Whats in a Name?: Examining Representation of Indian Ethnicities in Bollywood Movies in the New Millennium. InCommunicating Differences(pp. 87-103). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Tere, N.S., 2012. Gender reflections in mainstream Hindi cinema.Global Media Journal,3(1), pp.1-9. Thussu, D., 2013. Communicating Indias soft power: Buddha to Bollywood. Springer. Willis, A., 2013. Notes on the Hindi blockbuster, 1975 to the present.Movie Blockbusters, p.255.

Teen Suicide free essay sample

Teenage suicide is a major issue in today’s society; suicide is the intentional taking of one’s own life and is a severe issue that should be addressed worldwide as quickly as possible. Teen suicide has been the topic of many news headlines; yet, it still continues to have a strong effect on today’s youth. In the United States, suicide is the eighth leading cause of death for Americans, and for young adults between the ages of 15 and 24, suicide is the third leading cause of death. This is extremely remarkable due to the fact that teen suicide is one of the hardest ways to prevent death from occurring. There are quite a number of misdirected beliefs that surround the subject of teenage suicide. For example many who want to commit don’t give warning signs; when someone is strongly thinking of suicide they will almost always show warning signs before being suicidal. We will write a custom essay sample on Teen Suicide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are a number of things that can draw someone in to commit suicide. One main reason that has been proven to be the principal cause is mental illness. Other causes can be from bullying, depression, drug and alcohol abuse, or physical abuse. Many people in their lifetime will go through periods of anxiety, sadness or despair. These are normal reactions to pain, rejection, or even disappointment. People that suffer from mental illness that can be more severe, have serious reactions to being hopelessness. Bullying is becoming one of the leading causes of suicide in today’s society, if you watch television or media it is not uncommon to hear different news stories explaining how a teenager committed suicide as a result of being bullied. Bullying has been a controversy in schools throughout the United States for many years now, and I believe to the fullest extent that it will only continue unless we all as a nation do something to end it. I do believe schools have discussed many major issues when it comes to bullying but there still is a lot more that can be done to prevent these issues from occurring. The more talking about the topic the more it will continue to decrease throughout the countries. The majority of bullying takes place as children grow up in their middle school and high school years. Not all kids are the nice ones, some can be very cruel and cold hearted. Peer pressure is a reason to why kids bully one another. Cyber, physical and emotional bullying are all different ways to bully someone. Bullying someone is not always what is seen on TV, video games, internet, movies or music. It is known that bullying has become a more serious problem in today’s society. It can affect people of all ages, and suicide is only one form of bullying out of many. We should all think of a plan to stop this from occurring so frequently. There are many myths when it comes to bullying such as why bullies are bullies. Many people say that once you are bullied, you always are going to be a victim; this statement can be true but doesn’t affect all people. Some victims may bully others because it happened to them in the past. Other people can experience bullying just by hanging with the wrong peers or changing their personality. People who were the shy and quiet ones growing up tend to break out their shell and become ones to be less affected by bullying. You can see many different examples of situations like this that take place in colleges around the world. It gets bad as you grow up sometimes you don’t think what you say to someone can affect them the way it does; you do not know everyone’s life outside of work or school. Teenage suicide and suicide in general has grown so rapidly that you often here celebrities or TV stars mentioning how to stop or prevent it. You go on YouTube and you see people make videos that have been affected by this or no someone that have been traumatized. They often mention how getting bullied is a natural part of growing up. Statistics show that bullying does not make children more resilient; instead this causes them to do the complete opposite and feel more exposed to danger. Everyday people may think the only place to get bullied at is in school as you grow up but it’s not true. There are other people liable of doing this act, a person can be bullied by a peer, a co-worker, family member- such as older siblings, and even sports coaches can make you feel some type of way. There are many programs that try to stop bullying from taking place. Not only do they try to stop this matter but they help victims to overcome what they experienced. Some of the programs they have include, B. R. A. V. A ( Bully Resistance And Violence Avoidance Program), Champions Against Bullying, Amazing Play Program, I Decide, Peace by PEACE, T. E. A. C. H (Teens Educating and Confronting Homophobia), Reach for the Stars, Stand Up Against Bullying, and many more. People around the nation are constantly opening up organizations to stop this act from growing. It is known that people do not take it as serious as it should be in today’s society. Bullying affects people of all ages, races, sizes, suicide is just one of many consequences that take place because of bullying. People don’t understand or know what it feels like to be bullied until it happens to you. We as a whole are the ones doing the bullying whether it’s directly or indirectly, so it’s up to us to find a way to end it. Many people believe that it’s hard to know when an individual is contemplating suicide. Just like they say that suicide can’t be prevented and they assume that after the suicide is committed that it’s from depression. Individuals that contemplate on suicide normally show some type of fair warning of what they are thinking or planning. Majority of the time they will give a warning before they actually follow through. As long as people do not take warning signs for granted, then it should be easier to explain to the person or loved ones that living is definitely worth all the struggles and hardships people face. According to Canadian Mental Health Association, some warning signs include: expressions of feeling hopelessness, desperation, behavior that is out of the ordinary, sleeplessness, depression, social withdrawal, no appetite, also speaking of final wishes, speaking of death and dying, or a strong expression to commit suicide. Drug and alcohol abuse, stress, and reckless behavior are also serious but common warning signs; also another sign is if the person already attempted to take his/her life. Just because someone attempts to commit suicide once does not mean they will not contemplate it two, three, even four times. Symptoms of suicide can and should be easily detected; therefore, suicide can be easily prevented. Recognizing these signs can make suicide less likely to occur rapidly. Some antidepressants, support groups, or therapy are some solutions that will keep people from wanting suicide. It is not accurate to believe that once someone contemplates suicide, there is not a way to stop them from killing themselves. There’s way to talk to someone to stop them from wanting to take their lives. Talking with someone directly whether you’re close to them or they’re just a friend it can be very helpful whether you think it or not. Sometimes all people need is someone that will listen to them and not judge, to support them when they are unable to move on. Some people are very hesitant to address the subject to another person because it will give away the signs of contemplating suicide. Talking to someone will more often help rather than harm one, the worst thing to do is just sit around and do nothing. Just being there to try and guide someone who is thinking of suicide can really make a gigantic difference in changing their decisions. Helpguide. org states in their article, â€Å"Suicide Prevention: Spotting the Signs and Helping a Suicidal Person†, that Talking to a friend or family member about their suicidal thoughts and feelings can be extremely difficult for anyone. But if youre unsure whether someone is suicidal, the best way to find out is to ask. You cant make a person suicidal by showing that you care. In fact, giving a suicidal person the opportunity to express his or her feelings can provide relief from loneliness and pent-up negative feelings, and may prevent a suicide attempt. Another common belief about suicide is that every person who commits suicide is depressed; this is what all people jump to even media. Although it is said that depression is the leading cause this is not always the case. There are other factors that play a part to teenage suicide. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are other mental disorders that have been proven to cause a role in suicide. According to the Centre for Suicide Prevention, gay, lesbian, and bisexual teenagers have a higher chance of committing suicide than other teens. Also, according to a study that was completed in 2001, 48% of the gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth have said that their contemplation of suicide was because of sexual preference; they also been known to report their attempted suicide. People should never jump to conclusions about suicide thoughts, they should find out the facts. By doing this you can end up saving someone else’s life for the better. As I mentioned before, bullying is becoming the major factor of teenage suicide. There are other aspects also that a play a serious role. There are numerous ways and reasons that teens feel the need to want to commit suicide; anywhere from family problems or even a bad relationship break-up. This can ultimately push someone to the edge and not want to be living anymore. The little things can even drive someone to take their own life. Surprisingly, anywhere from 12-25% of teenagers have thought or vision suicide. When teenagers begin planning their suicides, it increases the chances of them acting out. According to Cooper University Hospital, anywhere from eight to twenty-five people may attempt to kill themselves, but only one of those eight to twenty-five people actually succeed. Only about 10% of people who have committed suicide were not suffering from mental illness. A mental illness can be considered anything from depression to bipolar depression; it may be the leading cause of death but it is treatable in all aspects. There are numerous factors that play a part in teenage suicide. Being a teenager we all know is not the easiest thing. We all went through the years, whether it was perfect or we struggled. A lot of changes occur during ones teenage years such as, puberty, changes in body types, changes in thoughts, and changes in feelings. According to teendepression. org, alcohol and drug addictions, previous suicide attempts, a recent loss in family or friend, a break-up, or parents’ divorce, even an overall feeling of hopelessness, have all been proven to be causes of teen suicide in the past years. It is also said that a lot of teens are scared to get help due to the fear of being made fun of or judged in a different aspect. Just about half of the teens reported to have committed suicide have unsuccessfully attempted to kill themselves before. As a matter of fact WebMD states that between 20% and 50%, around one third, of teenagers who commit suicide have previously attempted to do so. Parents should take some of these statistics into consideration at home, you can yell at your child the wrong way and it can lead to suicide. Parents also yell or get mad over a failing test that they can try to better on next time; to them it’s the end of the world. Parents can always try to encourage their kids but there is a line between helping and pressuring them. There is one factor that has been reported to be the biggest influence, and this remains to be mental illness. The National Institute of Mental Health (NAMI) states that a majority of teens who commit suicide had a mental disorder that could have been diagnosed before, in fact, approximately 90% of people who have attempted to do so or committed suicide were victims of severe mental illness. According to NAMI, some symptoms that teens who are suffering from disorders include extreme personality changes, loss of interest in doing things they loved, trouble sleeping, neglect of how they dress or act, dramatic drop in school grades or severe anxiety. The worst part about the fact is that mental illness can be treated, therefore it should be prevented. Teens with bipolar disorder are more likely to commit suicide due to the fact that although they think they’re fine, they are actually depressed inside. Depression is highly treatable, but the problem with a lot of teens is they do not know they are depressed. When this happens they cannot get the right treatment to overcome this. They also do not realize that there are other solutions rather than jumping to suicide thoughts first. People don’t often don’t realize the short-term and long-term effects that can never be reversed. When depression is properly treated, a person’s thoughts on suicide become more coherent, which is then less likely for them to attempt suicide. Overall there are many things that can cause a person to commit suicide; mental illness is currently the leading reason. Suicide is 100% preventable; antidepressant drugs have proved to be highly effective in helping teens and everyone that uses. The reason as to why so many teens thinks it’s alright to bully and tease others is because it continues to always happen no matter where you’re from. As I’ve stated previously, a majority of suicide comes from planning and giving some type of warning that indicate they’re thinking suicide. Through much time and research, I have found that a lot, not all, of suicides that take place can easily be prevented. I find it sad that people don’t take this matter serious. After all I done for this essay I wish I can help victims that went through this and families that lost loved ones. While some teens suffer from depression or anxiety issues, others are victims of other bullying or abuse. People around the world need to realize that all our actions will have a reaction, whether good or bad, happy or sad. When we bully or mistreat someone we never think to remember how they feel. If people were all warmhearted and considerate of others feelings, then I am almost sure to think there will be a lot less suicide occurring daily. When someone gives up on life itself, it is ultimately up to the family or friends around them to help pick their spirits back up. We need to end this as a whole and think of our actions every second and minute before doing something. Think about others too, it’s part of the golden rule. Life is not always just about you and what occurs in your daily activities there are millions even billions around you.

How and Why Guinea Pigs Were Domesticated

How and Why Guinea Pigs Were Domesticated Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are small rodents raised in the South American Andes mountains not as friendly pets, but primarily for dinner. Called cuys, they reproduce rapidly and have large litters. Today guinea pig feasts are connected with religious ceremonies throughout South America, including feasts associated with Christmas, Easter, Carnival, and Corpus Christi. Modern domesticated adult Andean guinea pigs range from eight to eleven inches long and weigh between one and two pounds. They live in harems, approximately one male to seven females. Litters are generally three to four pups, and sometimes as many as eight; the gestation period is three months. Their lifespan is between five and seven years. Domestication Date and Location Guinea pigs were domesticated from the wild cavy (most likely Cavia tschudii, although some scholars suggest Cavia aperea), found today in the western (C. tschudii) or central (C. aperea) Andes. Scholars believe that domestication occurred between 5,000 and 7,000 years ago, in the Andes. Changes identified as the effects of domestication are increased body size and litter size, changes in behavior and hair coloration. Cuys are naturally gray, domesticated cuys have multicolored or white hair. Keeping Guinea Pigs in the Andes Since both wild and domestic forms of guinea pigs can be studied in a laboratory, behavioral studies of the differences have been completed. Differences between wild and domestic guinea pigs are in some part behavioral and part physical. Wild cuys are smaller and more aggressive  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹and pay more attention to their local environment than domestic ones and wild male cuys do not tolerate each other and live in harems with one male and several females. Domestic guinea pigs are larger and more tolerant of multi-male groups, and exhibit increased levels of social grooming of one another and increased courtship behavior. In traditional Andean households, cuys were (and are) kept indoors but not always in cages; a high stone sill at the entrance of a room keeps cuys from escaping. Some households built special rooms or cubby holes for cuys, or more typically keep them in the kitchens. Most Andean households kept at least 20 cuys; at that level, using a balanced feeding system, Andean families could produce at least 12 pounds of meat per month without decreasing their flock. Guinea pigs were fed barley and kitchen scraps of vegetables, and the residue from making chicha (maize) beer. Cuys were valued in folk medicines and its entrails were used to divine human illness. Subcutaneous fat from the guinea pig was used as a general salve. Archaeology and the Guinea Pig The first archaeological evidence of the human use of guinea pigs dates to about 9,000 years ago. They may have been domesticated as early as 5,000 BC, probably in the Andes of Ecuador; archaeologists have recovered burned bones and bones with cut marks from midden deposits beginning about that time. By 2500 BC, at sites such as the Temple of the Crossed Hands at Kotosh and at Chavin de Huantar, cuy remains are associated with ritual behaviors. Cuy effigy pots were made by the Moche (circa AD 500-1000). Naturally mummified cuys have been recovered from the Nasca site of Cahuachi and the late prehispanic site of Lo Demas. A cache of 23 well-preserved individuals was discovered at Cahuachi; guinea pig pens were identified at the Chimu site of Chan Chan. Spanish chroniclers including Bernabe Cobo and Garcilaso de la Vega wrote about the role of the guinea pig in Incan diets and ritual. Becoming a Pet Guinea pigs were introduced into Europe during the sixteenth century, but as pets, rather than food. Remains of one guinea pig were recently discovered within excavations at the town of Mons, Belgium, representing the earliest archaeological identification of guinea pigs in Europeand similar in time to the 17th-century paintings which illustrate the creatures, such as the 1612 Garden of Eden by Jan Brueghel the Elder. The excavations at the site of a proposed parking lot revealed a living quarter which had been occupied beginning in medieval times. The remains include eight bones of a guinea pig, all found within a middle-class cellar and adjacent cesspit, radiocarbon dated between AD 1550-1640, shortly after the Spanish conquest of South America. The recovered bones included a complete skull and the right part of the pelvis, leading Pigià ¨re et al. (2012) to conclude that this pig was not eaten, but rather kept as a domestic animal and discarded as a complete carcass. Sources History of the Guinea Pig  from archaeologist Michael Forstadt. Asher, Matthias. Large males dominate: Ecology, social organization, and mating system of wild cavies, the ancestors of the guinea pig. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Tanja Lippmann, Jà ¶rg Thomas Epplen, et al., Research Gate, July 2008. Gade DW. 1967.  The Guinea Pig in Andean Folk Culture.  Geographical Review  57(2):213-224. Kà ¼nzl C, and Sachser N. 1999.  The Behavioral Endocrinology of Domestication: A Comparison between the Domestic Guinea Pig (Cavia apereaf.porcellus) and Its Wild Ancestor, the Cavy (Cavia aperea).  Hormones and Behavior  35(1):28-37. Morales E. 1994.  The Guinea Pig in the Andean Economy: From Household Animal to Market Commodity.  Latin American Research Review 29(3):129-142. Pigià ¨re F, Van Neer W, Ansieau C, and Denis M. 2012.  New archaeozoological evidence for the introduction of the guinea pig to Europe.  Journal of Archaeological Science  39(4):1020-1024. Rosenfeld SA. 2008.  Delicious guinea pigs: Seasonality studies and the use of fat in the pre-Columbian Andean diet.  Quaternary International  180(1):127-134. Sachser, Norbert. Of Domestic and Wild Guinea Pigs: Studies in Sociophysiology, Domestication, and Social Evolution. Naturwissenschaften, Volume 85, Issue 7, SpringerLink, July 1998. Sandweiss DH, and Wing ES. 1997.  Ritual Rodents: The Guinea Pigs of Chincha, Peru.  Journal of Field Archaeology  24(1):47-58. Simonetti JA, and Cornejo LE. 1991.  Archaeological Evidence of Rodent Consumption in Central Chile.  Latin American Antiquity  2(1):92-96. Spotorno AE, Marin JC, Manriquez G, Valladares JP, Rico E, and Rivas C. 2006.  Ancient and modern steps during the domestication of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus L.).  Journal of Zoology  270:57–62. Stahl PW. 2003.  Pre-columbian Andean animal domesticates at the edge of empire.  World Archaeology  34(3):470-483. Trillmich F, Kraus C, Kà ¼nkele J, Asher M, Clara M, Dekomien G, Epplen JT, Saralegui A, and Sachser N. 2004. Species-level differentiation of two cryptic species pairs of wild cavies, genera Cavia and Galea, with a discussion of the relationship between social systems and phylogeny in the Caviinae.  Canadian Journal of Zoology  82:516-524.

Winston Churchill and Hitler Compare and Contrast essays

Winston Churchill and Hitler Compare and Contrast essays When the human mind sees the world falling apart and the greatest of threats looming on the horizon, they begin searching for someone to place their trust in. They want someone who can give them answers, someone who can direct their fear and anger in to sometimes but not always irrational zeal. Throughout human histories tribulations and hardships the rise of many intellectuals, heros and sometimes-infamous figures have been witnessed. They are most recognized for their taming and persuasion of the masses. One of histories greatest hardships is the chaos of war. World War II is well known as one of the greatest wars in human history. World War II was the birthplace of many heros as well as infamous men and women. When you look at the opposite poles of this spectrum you can see that they are different in many ways, but upon closer- scrutiny remarkable similarities can be found upon which you may find complicates your views and thoughts on perspective as well as human rationality. Many believe the two greatest demonstrations of leadership during World War II were Winston Churchill and Adolph Hitler, both great men in their own right, rising from the ashes of broken peoples to gain influence and control in an otherwise chaotic and turbulent time. Winston Churchill, although an unpopular right wing politician in the English parliament, soon found himself rising in power during the turbulent years of the mid 30s. He often delivered speechs protesting the evils of fascism and totalitarian societies. As World War II erupted, Churchill gave powerful speechs, filled with nationalistic pride and the defense of freedom. Churchill was a strong advocate of going to war with the Germans throughout the late 30s. Once war broke out, the people of Britain harbored sometimes irrational but well placed hate towards the Germans. The people of Britain saw amongst chaos death and constant rocket and bomb a ...

Regulating Prostitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Regulating Prostitution - Essay Example Stakeholders in Prostitution Prostitution in simple terms involves the sale of sex by an individual for commercial purposes (Bovard para 8). Prostitutes mainly depend on the sale of sex for their daily provisions. Their clients on the other hand provide the sex workers with cash as they pay for the services that they enjoy in the process. Yet another stakeholder in the prostitution circle is the prostitutes’ family members and the families of their clients. The government comes in the scene mainly as a regulator in the event that the activity is legal. Arguments against the Regulation of Prostitution Although prostitution has been legalized in some countries such as Netherlands, England and Scotland, there have been problems in creating new laws and keeping up with the regulations that pertain to its operations (Tigtog para 2). The laws or measures have proved to be a challenge to both the government and the individuals engaged in the activity. Following the inability of the g overnments to regulate the act properly, questions have been raised as to whether it should be regulated (Munro and Giusta 15). Many quarters have argued for the legalization and regulation of prostitution based on the premise that the trade is more like other professions and deserves a fair share of respect, respect and dignity. Its regulation therefore would ensure that prostitutes and all stakeholders in the industry somehow benefit, the government included through taxes. However, this argument goes beyond moral argument as professed by various religious beliefs. Most faiths believe that prostitution in any sense is immoral and therefore should neither be legalized or regulated. Also, in as much as prostitution is legal in some countries, there are still those who work under the table so that they do not lose money through taxation (Munro and Giusta 20). Therefore, it is certain that legalizing and regulating prostitution will not bring as much economic benefits as many may think . Yet another argument for the regulation of prostitution is with respect to health. It is argued by some quarters that when regulated, the chances of reducing the spread of sexually transmitted diseases including AIDS will be reduced. However, this may never be the case since in many jurisdictions cases of sexually transmitted diseases have continued to rise in spite of regulation. Furthermore, the idea that there will be a health clinic that would ensure that the safety and optimal health of legal prostitutes is protected or maintained may not be achievable and reliable (Munro and Giusta 24). It takes about six months for STDs to show on upon screening an infected person. Beyond doubt, very few prostitutes, if any, will lie low for six months after every screening before serving another client to make quick money. The main aim of prostitution is to make more money and if the government regulates its operations then the amount of money made by each prostitute would reduce as the pr ostitutes will have to pay taxes. With reduced earnings, the prostitutes will therefore engage themselves in other illegal activities such as drug abuse and violence hence increasing the rate of crime in a given country or community. Furthermore, the idea that diseases may not be spread if prostitution is regulated is not assured. In case prostitution was to be legalized and regulated, there would be a greater demand for prostitutes

History The World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

History The World - Essay Example The establishment of schools and colleges  also played a role in the education of both the Han people and the Islam. The Arab world where Islam started was the originators of the numerical system that is in use in the contemporary world. The art and architecture practiced in these two regions were a way of expressing their religious feeling to a higher authority. Evidently, the Han people just like the Islam used architectural knowledge that was being taught in learning centers to teach people how they were going to express their religious believes to a given authority. Further, the use of art and literature was also area of emphasis in the two religious groups as they used different artistic expressions and literature to teach each other about their faith and practices. The Islamic world has used different forms of art and literature to conserve and teach people about the religious practices that believed to hold the people together. The ground of controversy which can be identified among the Han dynasty is the large number of spirits that they offered sacrifices to. Whereas the Islamic religion offered sacrifices also, it did not have as much spirits as the Han dynasty. Further, the belief in deity among the Han people was lowered to the emperor who was in some cases revered and worshipped just if he were a

Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen Essay Example for Free

Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen Essay Henrik Ibsen writes realistically, meaning that he writes in a way which is relatable and constant to the time period and characters. He doesnt get overly dramatic. There are multiple themes in Hedda Gabler such as Manipulation, Wealth, Reputation, and Death. Since it is a play, it does not have a point of view. Summary Hedda Gabler is a play that takes place entirely in the living room and another room off to the side in the fashionable side of Christiana, Norway, in 1890 or earlier. The newlywed couple of Jurgen and Hedda Tesman come back from their 6 month honeymoon and wake to find that Jurgan Tesmans aunt Julle has come for a visit. This scene establishes Heddas disinterest in Tesman, as she is rude to his aunt and him. A woman named Mrs. Elvested arrives and informs the crowd that Tesmans rival, Ejlert, is back in town and she is concerned that being back in town will cause him to fall back into old alcoholic habits. Later, Judge Brack arrives and brings gossip from the town. He tells Tesman that Ejlert is a candidate for the professor position that he wants stirring up worry between Tesman and Hedda. Judge Brack and Hedda have a private conversation and decide to become confidants and Hedda confesses that she is bored with Tesman and unpleased with the house he bought her. Tesman arrives back and drinks with Brack while Hedda and Ejlert make conversation. Hedda is bored and decides to pit Ejlert and Mrs. Elvested against each other, causing Ejlert to start drinking again and upset Mrs. Elvested. Tesman, Brack, and Ejlert leave for a party that Brack is throwing. Mrs. Elvested is concerned but Ejlert promises to return to escort her home. Mrs. Elvested goes in another room to sleep when Tesman comes home. He announces to Hedda that he has Ejlerts manuscript that he dropped when he was walking home and he intends to return in. Brack arrives and informs them that Ejlert got arrested. Brack leaves and then Ejlert gets there and tells Mrs. Elvested that he destroyed the manuscript, unaware that Tesman is in possession of it. He later confesses to Hedda that he lost it and is now suicidal. Hedda gives him a pistol and tells him to die beautifully. She burns his manuscript. Act four begins with everyone dressed in black for Tesmans Aunt Rinas death. Mrs. Elvested arrives and tells everyone that Ejlert is in the hospital. Then, Brack arrives and tells them that he is dead, a gunshot wound to the chest. Tesman and Mrs. Elvested try to reconstruct Ejlerts manuscript and Brack tells Hedda that his death was messy and an accident. He also tells her that scandal will probably befall her. She goes into a side room and plays the piano for a bit before shooting herself. Conflict, Climax, Resolution The conflicts in the story are that Mrs. Elvsted is distraught and has left her husband, Ejlert could start drinking again, the Judge wants Hedda in one way or another, and Tesman has to compete for his professorship. The climax is when Hedda burns Ejlert’s manuscript and then aides in his suicide. The denouement is when the judge explains everything and Mrs. Elvested and Tesman work on reconstructing the manuscript. Character Analysis Hedda Gabler is the antagonist of the story, causing most of the conflicts. She was raised in a wealthy family and when she married Tesman she had to accommodate to much less fortune than she is used to. She is manipulative and cruel to most of the characters in the play. Jurgan Tesman is Hedda’s husband. Although he is vastly intelligent, he is oblivious to her cruelty. He tries very hard to please her and went to great lengths to buy her a house a support her and provide everything she needs. He was raised by his Aunt Julle. Judge Brack is essential to the story because he is Hedda’s closest confidant. He also brings news to the story; he serves as sort of a gossip source. He visits the Tesman residence often, as he is close with both Tesman and Hedda. Ejlert Lovberg is Tesman’s long-time academic rival. He is Tesman’s only competitor for a professorship. He is back in town and has a published novel with good reviews. He also has a manuscript for another novel. He once shared a close relationship with Hedda. Mrs. Elvested hired Ejlert as a tutor for her children but grew attached and now acts as his assistant/secretary and travels with him for his writing. She is concerned about his drinking problem. Mrs. Elvested also went to school with Hedda where she was bullied by her.

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Essay -- Science Energy Power Papers

Hydrogen Fuel Cell The Hydrogen Fuel Cell could revolutionize the world. This ingenious technology, which creates electricity from the chemical reactions of hydrogen and oxygen has, in its 150-year history, passed many of the critical tests along the path from invention to innovation. Recent developments in fuel cell technology and concurrent developments within the energy and automotive industries have brought the world to brink of the fuel cell age and the hydrogen economy. The future is, however, inherently murky. Fuel cells still face significant technological, political and economic hurdles before they can realize their truly awesome potential. An examination of these hurdles, set to the backdrop of an explanation of the current state of the art in fuel cell technology and the current and developing economic and regulatory landscape, will provide insights into much touted future of the fuel cell. In the near future, the fuel cell will come to play a much more prominent role in the world energy economy. The extent to which this innovation will revolutionize the world will depend on any number of technological, economic and political factors. In order to understand the potential impact and resulting policy implications of the fuel cell, it is first necessary to explain the technology of the fuel cell. The fuel cell utilizes the chemical properties of hydrogen to produce an electrical current. "...[T]hey produce an electric current by intercepting the electrons that flow from one reactant to the other in an electrochemical reaction."1 Fuel cells require only a fuel containing hydrogen and oxygen, usually from atmospheric air, to produce electricity. A fuel cell that utilizes pure hydrogen produces this electricity le... ... Tax leads to burial at sea," New Scientist, 3 August 1996. "English Conference of the Parties," Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change." http://www.cnn.com/SPECICALS/1997/global.warming/stories/treat/index4.html "Cleaner Energy," The Economist. 18 April 1998. p17. Ibid. Ibid. "Climate Change Information Sheet 24," UNFCCC Climate Change Information Kit. http://www.unfccc.de/resource/iuckit/fact24.html "Emission Summary for CO2 in United States of America," United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change. 11/18/99. http://www.unfccc.de The Economist. 18 April 1998. New Scientist, 3 August 1996. "Fill'er Up: With Hydrogen," Reuters, 16 August, 1999. Available on Wired News, http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,21293,00.html. "Fuel cells meet big business," The Economist. 24 July 1999. Ibid Ibid

Napoleon’s Buttons

The motivation behind each endeavors goals could have been the use for good, wealth, money, or prosperity. The chemistry of the compound is related to their usage and motive for obtaining them because molecules can control the trade and use of one specific area of the world. Some major molecules that were valued are phenol, Suppression, silk, cellulose, and glucose. Phenols were used as antiseptics during surgery to prevent cuts and wounds from getting infected. Suppression, which is rubber, has been made into countless everyday items that we use to this day.Silk is one of the most valued fabrics in the world. Silk is very hard to harvest and it is expensive. Cellulose is the main component of cotton. Cotton is cheap and most of our clothes are made out of it today but it has fueled slavery for most of the 18th and 19th centuries. Glucose is our everyday sweetener that is always at hand but this has also been a product of slavery during the same time period of cotton. All of these mo lecules have been valued at some point or another. Each molecule here has been a product of someone's endeavor to gain some sort of goal. . Serendipity Is the occurrence and development of events by chance In a happy or beneficial way. A decent majority of chemical discoveries are serendipitous, either by means of trying to create artificial chemicals, failing and creating something accidental, or just by plain dumb luck. Most of the discoveries and expansions of intro compounds has to do with luck. One account of pure randomness is when Christian Frederica Such ¶been spilled a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid on his wife's apron.When he hung it to dry, he had converted the cellulose in the apron as an internal source of oxygen; when heated, it exploded. Phenols also had a high probability in chance. Joseph Leister covered a clothe in phenols as an antiseptic which worked almost every time in use. This led to the cleanliness for germ-free techniques In surgery. Suppression , or rubber, Is another discovery with luck by Its side. If a Christopher Columbus hadn't gone to the new world and brought back rubber a lot of our everyday Items wouldn't exist.Charles Macintosh also discovered a waste product from a local gas works that could convert rubber into a fabric. This fabric is a very useful item in our lives, for its waterproof qualities. Wonder drugs have come a long way in past couple of centuries, from herbs to pills. Without these painkillers, many would have suffered or even died. Chlorination compounds have kept our food fresh and spoil free for decades. CIFS have refrigerated items across oceans and continents and kept them from rotting, which could have been detrimental to sailors in the 19th century.All of these chemical discoveries had some type of serendipitous involvement in our world for good and beneficial reasons. 3. â€Å"With great power comes great responsibility. † In some cases, the men In charge began to neglect their moral p ower of the Industry. During the process of making silk In the early 20th century, the corporations used child labor. The children could get in places could not, sanitary or unsanitary. The children got very little or no infectious diseases and had deformed backs.Today in the world, Japanese corporations treat their workers the same: low pay and poor working conditions. Slavery was another big issue once the trading of sugar began. When sugar plantations began in the new world, we enslaved innocent Africans to work on the plantations. The slaves had to work from the break of dawn till the sun set. Slaves were beat if they didn't obey the master's rules and they poor living conditions. Today in Africa children are tricked into being enslaved to work on cocoa plantations just as slaves did two hundred years ago.

Varying representations, interpretations of and attitudes towards death

Murderous, entrenched, complex – the Northern Ireland conflict seems to defy rational discourse. But from the contradictions and tensions has sprung some remarkable art, not least the poetry of the Troubles, now widely recognised as among the most vibrant contemporary writing in the English language. Through the six poems mentioned the theme of death is very prominent. We start with â€Å"Tollund Man† and â€Å"Grauballe Man†. In these two poems Heaney portrays the deaths as a tragedy, but opposed to his other poems, he refers hear mainly to the physical appearance of the bodies. In â€Å"Tollund Man† he starts the poem with a very vivid, striking description of the body, and expresses his desired pilgrimage. Heaney focus' mainly on the period after death in this poem and describes how its miraculous preservation has made it seem to become one with the earth â€Å"she tightened her torc on him†. Heaney seems in awe of the ‘corpse', which after death the body has taken on a Christ like appearance â€Å"I could risk blasphemy†. This death does not have any direct relation, as such, to Heaney, and therefore does not have the same sort of heartfelt mourning. None the less Heaney still seems to care greatly for this Bog body and elaborates on the condition in which the body was found. He uses these details to create himself his own story of their life leading up to their gruesome murder. In the last section of this poem Heaney refers to the â€Å"sad freedom† that comes with death, and how now he will be grouped as a statistic wit h Bog bodies found in the various other locations. The Tollund Man now has his freedom, but at a high price. Heaney finishes with a personal reference to his own sadness: â€Å"I will feel lost, unhappy, and at home† Here he is referring (as he does in a number of his poems) to the violence in Northern Ireland, to demonstrate how he has become accustomed to death. Similarly in â€Å"Grauballe Man† Heaney describes the body as if it has become one with the earth. As with many poets Heaney agrees that there is a fine line between sleep and death. Here the Grauballe Man: â€Å"Lies on a pillow of turf and seems to weep† Heaney personifies the lifeless body, describing him as if asleep he continues this and lets the bodies take on other animal qualities â€Å"his spine an eel arrested† but he maintains its peaceful image. Again here he uses vivid imagery â€Å"the vent of his of his slashed throat that has tanned and toughened† to convey the way in which this almost angelic body lays. He does not want to refer to the body as a corpse and he asks the rhetorical question â€Å"Who will say ‘corpse' to his vivid cast?† Similarly to the Tollund man given the body a more holy image than simply a rotting corpse. By the end of the poem Heaney has become familiar to the body and answers to himself his rhetorical question. Heaney draws up the conclusion that there is a fine line between beauty and atrocity. He uses blunt, monosyllabic word sounds such as slash[ed] and dump[ed] to represent the harsh reality of the world and what man has turned it into. Being used to death is something that has influenced a lot of Heaney's poems. This is an incredibly sad poem. The mood is set almost immediately in the second line: Counting bells knelling classes to a close. Notice how Heaney uses assonance and alliteration to emphasise the funereal sound of the bells and the feeling of time dragging. The stanza begins with the â€Å"morning† in line one but it is two o'clock in line three showing that hours have passed in waiting. The second stanza begins with the image of Heaney's father â€Å"crying†. Having come across Heaney's father in poems such as Follower in which he appears to be a strong man of few words, this contrary picture evokes powerful emotion in the reader. Heaney skilfully takes the reader with him as he enters the house through the porch – we meet his father, â€Å"Big Jim Evans†, the baby in its pram, the old men congregated in the room and finally Heaney's mother coughing out â€Å"angry tearless s ighs†. Lines 14-15 again show Heaney using assonance, this time in his repetition of the short â€Å"a† – â€Å"At†, â€Å"ambulance†, â€Å"arrived†, â€Å"stanched†, â€Å"and†, â€Å"bandaged† – emphasising the stopping short of blood and life. We learn in the sixth stanza that Heaney hadn't seen his brother for six weeks having been â€Å"Away at school†. The words â€Å"Paler now†, hang at the end of the stanza causing a sad pause before the sentence continues and describes how little changed in appearance the boy is in death, the difference being his paler complexion and â€Å"poppy bruise†. The final line stands out on its own. Almost every word is emphasised so that the reader must take in the line's message and the shock and deep grief that the family must have felt. There is an element of shock for the reader reading it for the first time also, when they discover who has died and that he was a mere four years old. Again in Funeral Rites it is a person close to Heaney who has died. In this poem Heaney describes him self as being very close to the deceased, playing the part of the pallbearer, he uses here a double entendre as he â€Å"shoulders a kind of manhood† as he is only a child. As in â€Å"The Tollund Man† and â€Å"The Grauballe Man† Heaney begins with a vivid description of the body with its â€Å"dough white hands† and â€Å"igloo brows†. Heaney uses phrases such as the black glacier of each funeral pushed away† to demonstrate how darkness is synonymous with death. In the second section of this poem, Heaney also concentrates on the period straight after death as in â€Å"Mid-Term Break†. However here he focuses on the funeral procession linking it again with the violence in Northern Ireland: â€Å"Now as news comes in of each neighbourly murder we pine for ceremony, customary rhythms:† Heaney shows he has become accustomed to death and how the formalities after death are simply for show. Heaney, once again, creates a solemn atmosphere in the second section describing the slow moving procession paying their ‘respect'. He personifies the funeral procession as it â€Å"drags its tail† morbidly through the streets and side roads of Ireland. In the last section Heaney brings together the themes of his own childhood experience of death, deaths in the north at present and the death of Gunnar, a Viking hero â€Å"dead by violence and unavenged†. This demonstrates the futile waste of life conflict has caused over many centuries, and sending a powerful message to the reader. In the poem â€Å"Limbo† Heaney touches on the controversial subject of Religion. Heaney casually introduces the subject of the poem, with a newspaper style headline: â€Å"Fishermen at Ballyshannon Netted an infant last night Along with the salmon† He tags on the end of the first to line†-along with the salmon† making it sound as if it is nothing out of the ordinary. Following this he concentrates on the actual death of the bastard baby, murdered by his own mother for the sake of religious beliefs. Heaney describes how the baby was rejected by its mother and discarded, although not without feeling: â€Å"He was a minnow with hooks Tearing her open.† This shows how strong some peoples convictions really are, and how they are prepared to die, or to kill for them. He uses vivid imagery and descriptive language to try and out across the pain, emotion, and brutality of the situation. The mother has to choose her baby or her religion, and being a strict Christian chooses Catholicism and drowns her own child ironically in contrast with the teachings of the bible. He ands mentioning the place where the body of the child now lays, in â€Å"some far briny zone† where the water is too harsh â€Å"Even Christ's palms, unhealed, Smart and cannot fish there.† The last poem, Casualty, is more of a story than the others are. It describes an elderly man who is a local customer at a bar in Ireland. He is fond of a drink but is able to control him self and maintain dignity. He is content to sit at a bar and watch life go by him. Out of respect he attempts to speak of poetry, but is clearly not at ease with this, so Heaney changes the subject. Although he is â€Å"laconic† he has a great presence, but his confidence eventually leads to his downfall, and this is how Heaney builds up emotion in the reader. He presents a figure that he describes in great detail and becomes attached to. This man does not think he should have to obey a curfew and is killed out on the street. Heaney describes how graffiti on the wall compares lives to goals in a football match. Heaney demonstrates his emotion in the harsh situation, and provokes emotion in the reader by creating a very solemn mood. In the second section Heaney moves on from this particular case to the general brutality in the Ireland conflict. He uses phrases such as â€Å"coffin after coffin† and â€Å"common funeral† to demonstrate how, tragically, death and violence have become an accepted part of life. Heaney then goes back to the solemn story of the man from the bar, who was simply carrying out his usual routine. He did not think he should be confined to his home for someone else's evils. This shows how the killings were not discriminate and he was simply in the wrong place at the wrong time. Heaney then goes on to say how he did not attend the funeral, but instead reminisces on his times spent with the man. Heaney seems to find falsehood in funerals, and would prefer to sit in isolation and think back to the time when he â€Å"tasted freedom with him†. Now the man is free and has no longer to face the arduous tasks of life, or the cruelty of man. Throughout Heaney's poems he expresses his distaste of mans cruelty towards their own species. Heaney expresses his views on the futility of violence with inspiring confidence. In each of his poems he manages to use many different literary devices and provokes thought and emotion in the reader. His language is poignant and yet not aggressive and at the same time he is presenting a very valid set of arguments.

The Social and Economic Effects of Volcanic Eruptions Research Paper Example

The Social and Economic Effects of Volcanic Eruptions Research Paper Example The Social and Economic Effects of Volcanic Eruptions Paper The Social and Economic Effects of Volcanic Eruptions Paper Essay Topic: Sociology Although there are many hazards on a physical geographic scale associated with volcanic eruptions, it is important not to neglect the havoc which also engulfs the social and economic world. Both social and economic effects occur on a spatial and temporal scale causing significant repercussions in a regional, national and even a global context. It is not only the initial eruption but the continuous secondary hazards, such as, lahars, pyroclastic flows and tsunamis that have the major impact on economic and social structures. It is these factors that are responsible for the great social losses in the sense of belonging and society, the human loss of life and the huge economic losses incurred from damaged infrastructures, business interactions and the general cost of re-building. It is therefore ironic that these great economic and social impacts often affect the most vulnerable people in the world. Global Economic Pressures The pattern of financial interactions between the industrialised North and Third World has significantly changed in the light of decolonisation. Demand in both agricultural and mineral exports dependant to many Third World countries has steadily declined, whereas imports have maintained high price rates, often leading countries to incur significant foreign debts. For example, Africa debt servicing amounts to approximately 40-50% of export earnings (ROAPE, 1990). Outcomes to such economic crisis and pressures has resulted in, on one hand, the intensification of natural resource exportation leading to further forestry and soil degradation, thus increasing natural disaster vulnerability (Tierney, 1992). On the other hand, reduction in public spending results in inadequate facilities; education, hospital welfare and safe infrastructures which are able to cope with natural disasters. Increase in vulnerability of a significant proportion of the urban population to natural disasters. This results from the fact that property owners faced with such high mortgage interest rates simply ignore maintenance. (Ford, 1987) Social Aspects vulnerability to hazard warnings Although there have been several successful evacuations through effective warning schemes, e.g., Mt Pinatubo, Mt Etna, a number of serious social negative effects may also result. Within these areas many sick and elderly people died due to the communal camp living conditions present in the evacuation areas. Cyclonic rainfall compounded volcanic ash falls exacerbating the unhealthy living conditions. In other cases panic evacuation along with the threat of blighted property and falling price values also affect the social matrix of the target area. Consequently, the risk of legal action can even make prediction in such areas politically unacceptable. It has often been argued that mass and total evacuation could constitute a disaster with a greater impact than that of a natural phenomenon. It has been stated that traffic problems and accidents could occur on a Herculean scale, crime and looting, great economic loss and an acute difficulty in maintaining public services on a regional and national basis could occur in addition to the increased risk to public health. In particular risks to public health would typically affect the displaced population, often through inadequate sanitation, the psychiatric stress of uncertainty and anxiety. Consequently great social and economic problems are often incurred. This is often exacerbated in evacuation situations and when predictions are subsequently wrong. For example, in 1976 73000 people were evacuated from the Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles. They remained displaced for a three and a half month period resulting in huge economic losses and great social strain on both the population and government. The volcano never erupted with only minor activity observed (Blong, 1984). In contrast, the products from volcanic eruptions can be highly beneficial to society (fertile soils). In 1992, Cerro Negro erupted near Leon in Nicaragua. A thick layer of ash was subsequently deposited giving rise to economic concerns involving agricultural practices. However, within 10 months farmers were reaping the benefits of bumper harvests (Baxter, 1993). Such benefits consequently constitute an extremely powerful social and economic force. In fact it has been suggested that people inhabiting these high-risk zones for such natural benefits are gamblers by nature. Policy Response and Mitigation On a positive note volcanic disasters can be used to change unjust social and economic structures. Popular development organisations can capitalise on a disaster event to challenge and possibly change vulnerable, unjust political, social and economic structures; Disasters will often set up a dynamic in which social structures can be overturned, and relief and rehabilitation judiciously applied can help change the status quo; while projects will be the models will be the models in micro-cosm that can be used to demonstrate to government the possibilities of a variety of ways of working. (Holloway, 1989) Secondly, Andersons and Woodrows (1989) notion of rising from the ashes depicts the strengthening of local institutions and the increased capability of families to reduce their own vulnerability. Is just as much a product of socio-economic factors as technical ones. The best hope for a communities recovery in a disaster is to have a history of strong organisation; it is to this end that local institutions must direct their efforts. (Dudley, 1988) Thirdly, disasters provide an opportunity to develop effective risk assessment with good cost-benefit arguments for protective measures. For example, In La Paz, Bolivia the World Bank has been offering encouragement to the Local Authorities. They calculated that disaster prevention would cost approximately US$ 500 000 in 1987 and a total of US$2.5 million (US$2.50 per capita) was needed. This amount in cost alone is greatly exceeded by annual losses incurred through natural disasters (estimated as being US$8 per capita). Therefore with this minimal level of funding, disaster mitigation could be both affordable and cost-effective to La-Pazs needs (Plessis-Fraissard, 1989) In conclusion, the impact of volcanic eruptions will only be minimised when decision-makers become more educated and aware that there is no such thigh as a natural disaster; at most, there is a conjuncture of certain physical happenings and certain social happenings.

What to Read in March

What to Read in March Not sure what to read this month? Try these suggestions based on   authors born in the month of March! Robert Lowell (March 1, 1917-September 12, 1977): Robert Traill Spence Lowell IV was an American poet who inspired the confessional style of other poets such as Sylvia Plath. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and was a United States Poet Laureate. His own personal history and his family and friendships were important subjects in his poetry. Recommended: Life Studies (1959). Ralph Ellison: (March 1, 1914- April 16, 1994): Ralph Waldo Ellison was an American literary critic, scholar, and novelist. He won the National Book Award in 1953 served on The American Academy of Arts and Letters. Recommended: Invisible Man (1952). Elizabeth Barrett Browning: (March 6, 1806- June 29, 1861): Elizabeth Barrett was an important English Romantic poet. Many do not know that Brownings family was part-Creole and spent much time in Jamaica, where they owned sugar plantations (kept by slave labor). Elizabeth herself was highly educated and was vehemently opposed to slavery. Her later works are dominated by political and social themes. She met and married the poet Robert Browning after a long epistolary relationship. Recommended: Poems (1844) Garbriel Garcà ­a Mrquez (March 6, 1928-April 17, 2014): Gabriel Josà © de la Concordia Garcà ­a Mrquez was a Colombian author of plays, short stories, and novels. He is considered one of the most important writers of the twentieth-century, having won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1982. Garcia Marquez was also a journalist who criticized national and international politics, but he is best known for his fiction and magical realism. Recommended: One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967). Jack Kerouac: (March 12, 1922- October 21, 1969): Kerouac was a pioneering member of the 1950s Beat Generation. He originally went to college on a football scholarship, but upon moving to New York City he discovered Jazz and the Harlem scene, which would change his life, and the American literary landscape, forever.   Recommended: On the Road (1957). Louis L’Amour (March 22, 1908-June 10, 1988): Louis Dearborn grew up in North Dakota during the sunset years of the American frontier. His interactions with traveling cowboys, the great Northern Pacific Railroad, and the world of cattle ranching would shape his later fiction, as would the stories of his grandfather, who fought in civil and Indian wars. Recommended: The Daybreakers (1960). Flannery O’Connor (March 25, 1925-August 3, 1964): Mary Flannery  OConnor was an American writer. She flourished in the essay, short story and novel genres and was also a significant contributor to literary reviews and commentaries. Greatly inspired by her Roman Catholicism, her works often explored major themes of ethics and morality. She is one of the greatest Southern writers in American literature. Recommended: A Good Man Is Hard to Find (1955). Tennessee Williams: (March 26, 1911- February 25, 1983): Thomas Lanier Williams III is one of Americas greatest playwrights and an important presence in the history of homosexual writers. His works are heavily inspired by his own life, especially is unhappy family history. He had a great string of successful plays in the late 1940s, before shifting to a more experimental style which was not as well-received by audiences. Recommended: Suddenly, Last Summer (1958). Robert Frost: (March 26, 1874- Jauary 29, 1963): Robert Frost, perhaps Americas greatest and most successful poet, first explored a variety of careers, such as cobbler, editor, and teacher, before publishing his first poem (My Butterfly) in 1894. Frost spent some time living in England during the early 1900s, where he met such talents as Robert Graves and Ezra Pound. These experiences had a profound influence on his work. Recommended: North of Boston (1914). Anna Sewell (March 30, 1820- April 25, 1878): Anna Sewell is an English novelist, born into a Quaker family. When she was a girl, she severely injured both of her ankles, which confined her to crutches and limited walking for the rest of her life. Recommended: Black Beauty (1877). Other Notable Classic Writers Born in March: Theodore Seuss Geisel, Dr. Seuss (March 2, 1904-September 24, 1991)Tom Wolfe (March 2, 1931-  Ã‚  Ã‚   )Douglas Adams (March 11, 1952-May 11, 2001) Albert Einstein (March 14, 1879-April 18, 1955)John Updike (March 18, 1932-January 27, 2009)Philip Roth (March 19, 1933-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   )Lawrence Ferlinghetti (March 24, 1919-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ) Gloria Steinem (March 25, 1934-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   )John Fowles (March 31, 1926-November 5, 2005)

Military Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Military Strategy - Essay Example In the case of the War on Terror by the United States and its allies, non-state actors refer to organisations actively pursuing or having war with the United States. There are a number of these organisations which involve themselves in terrorism in trying to attain their objectives, for example Hezbollah and al-Qaeda. These two are called non-state actors because they are organisations whose aims are far higher than the aims of normally recognized nation-states. And they pursue their goals through terrorism like suicide bombings, sabotage and all sorts of creating panic and fear against their enemies. In the current controversy over Iran’s nuclear programme in which Iran categorically denies that it is building nuclear weapons, various scenarios can happen. As a deterrent, the United States wants to destroy Iran’s nuclear facilities. Now Iran is trying to close the Strait of Hormuz, to block the flow of commerce in the region. But when the United States stops Iranâ€⠄¢s blockage of this important sea channel, it can push through and go as far as bombing Iran’s nuclear facilities. As the US bombs Iran, Iran will instruct Hezbollah to conduct suicide bombing against Israel but US bombing will force Iran to stop Hezbollah from retaliating. Hezbollah, a militant organisation whose aims are for the advancement of the Palestinian people who are living along the Gaza Strip in Israel, may or may not provoke Israel. This is because Iran can stop it to continue attacking Israel through suicide bombing while at the same time convincing the US to stop the bombing. But it is a different story with Hezbollah in the field of battle. Hezbollah can be deterred only when it concerns the Palestinians. On the other hand, if groups like the al Qaeda were given the chance to possess nuclear weapons, they won’t hesitate to use these weapons against America or the United Kingdom, and Israel. Terrorist groups may not anymore be content of killing thousand s of Americans or the enemies they call ‘infidels’, but millions, and they use the Quran to justify their murderous desire. Deterrence is the only way wherein the United States and its allies can stop these terrorists. And deterrence means looking after every terrorist ‘cell’, which is just waiting for the right time to move and pull the trigger. Iran and other terrorist groups have long desired to manufacture nuclear weapons. The only way this can be stopped is through deterrent actions. Al-Qaeda has been stopped – at least temporarily – with the killing of their leader Osama bin Laden. An example of deterrent is denying rights to suspected terrorists. Rosenberg cites an instance wherein Homeland Security denied suspected terrorists entry into the U.S. and that action actually saved lives. There was this guy who was stopped from entering the U.S. border because an agent didn’t feel that he was legitimate. The U.S. Homeland Security fou nd, two years later, that he was a suicide bomber. His hands were found attached to the steering wheel after a suicide truck bombing in Iraq. The U.S. authorities in Iraq took the fingerprints from those hands and ran them through the Homeland Security database to see who he was. They identified the man and confirmed that he had tried to enter U.S. territories but had been refused (Rosenberg 137). 2. War Termination   It s said that when a war ends, there are no victors, only losers. The metaphor to this saying is that both sides are

Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 17

Environment - Essay Example From this study, it was found out that biosciences are a sector that employs more than 425,316 people. This is so good because the income generated by these people can be useful in helping the economy in many ways. Apart from improving their purchasing power, they contribute taxes to the government. The other contribution of biodiversity is that it provides useful resources that are used in the economy. For example, plants act as chief sources of medicine used in the treatment of illnesses. A healthy population is pillar to economic growth. Through medical research, life can be made so better because solution can be sought for all the illnesses facing the people of Indiana. Ecological system and biodiversity help in promoting the well being of the Indianans in that it can help in sustainable economic growth and the conservation of available resources for the sake of future generations. This is necessary for economic growth and stability of the state. Once the ecosystem can be sustained and sparingly utilized, no resources can be depleted as they will always be available in the

What advantages does a herfindahl-type index have as a measure of Essay

What advantages does a herfindahl-type index have as a measure of industrial concentration over an n firm concentration ratio - Essay Example There are two main differences of the Herfindahl index with the concentration ratio. The Herfindahl index uses all the firms market shares rather than using any particular number of the largest firms and furthermore, it uses the squares of the values of the market shares to compute the extent of concentration. So,if we assume N firms in the industry, the Herfindahl index looks like: To identify the relative advantages of the Herfindahl type index it is pertinent to note the desirable properties such competitiveness indices should exhibit. First, any competitiveness index should exhibit a decreasing trend with a rising number of firms. This is simply a reflection of the fact that as the number of firms increases the competitiveness rises and hence any index that captures the extent of concentration in the industry should reduce in value (Tirole, 1988). Secondly, any index of concentration should also be non-increasing if not declining with an increase in the extent of symmetry in the market shares of the associated firms (Tirole, 1988). Thus, having perceived the basic features any adequate index of concentration should have, we now proceed to comparatively analyse the two aforementioned measures in the extents they meet up to these requirements. Evidently, the concentration ratio as well as the Herfindahl index both satisfies the first requirement. Both of the indices shall exhibit declining trends as the number of firms start rising since the individual market shares as a percentage of the total market output shall fall. However, the concentration ratio fails to satisfy the second requirement. If there was a redistribution of market shares among the considered firms with some of them gaining higher market shares while that of the others fell so that the total market share of these firms taken together remained the same, the concentration ratio would not change. However, in the Herfindahl index, the squared values of the individual market

History of African American Music Essay Example for Free

History of African American Music Essay The history of African American music has been characterized by a mixture among various forms of music. Country blues, urban blues, New Orleans Jazz, Bebop, big-band jazz, and rhythm and blues, have all influenced each other profoundly. These influences flowed back and forth among the various forms. But, black gospel music had only a very limited effect on popular styles, until a few church-trained artists, such as Sam Cooke and Ray Charles, began to incorporate gospel styling into their popular work. The result is usually described as soul music, a mix of blues, rhythm and blues, and gospel voices. But, if Ray Charles was one of the originators of soul music, Aretha Franklin reshaped it, by bringing even more of her gospel background to bear on secular love songs (Wade and Picardie 27). By combining popular elements with her stunning voice, her great musicianship, and the feeling for a song that she learned in church, Aretha became one of the greatest soul singers to ever live. Aretha Franklin is a well-known pop, RB, and gospel singer. She has been nicknamed â€Å"The Queen of Soul† and is an internationally known artist and a symbol of pride in the African American community. Her popularity soared in 1967 when she released an album containing songs â€Å"I Never Loved a Man†, â€Å"Respect†, and â€Å"Baby I Love You. † Throughout her career she has achieved fifteen Grammy Awards, Lifetime Achievement Award, National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Legend Awards, and many Grammy Hall of Fame Awards. In 1987 she became the first woman inducted into the Rock Roll Hall of Fame. Time magazine chose her as one of the most influential artists and entertainers of the 20th century. She sang at Dr. Martin Luther King’s funeral and at former President Bill Clinton’s inaugural party. Although she has all these accomplishments and awards there are other reasons that have driven Franklin to fame and landed her on the front cover of Time magazine on June 28, 1968. The reasons I believe allowed Aretha Franklin to become so successful are the following: Her family’s involvement with religion, the inspiring people that surrounded her, and the pain she suffered. It is clear that because her family’s involvement with religion would be one reason why Aretha Franklin became as famous as a Gospel singer. Some people would say that her love for religion is unbelievable, but after researching her childhood it is very believable. Her father, Reverend Clarence LaVaugh Franklin lived in Shelby Mississippi and preached while living the life of a sharecropper. As soon as he had enough money, he would move to Memphis, Tennessee to become a pastor of two churches. After a couple of years he attended LeMoyne College, and he studied Education and English Literature. With his education he was able to bring a more liberal view to his preaching’s. Then he moved the family to Buffalo, New York. When he had the resources, he moved the family again to Detroit, Michigan were he settled and became a pastor of a churched called New Bethel Baptist Church. He quickly became one of the most famous pastors in the city of Detroit. Aretha was two years old when they made their final move, she would grow up here and grab the emotion of Church and incorporate it into her music. Aretha Franklin’s mom, Barbara V. Skaggers, served as choir director and pianist. Aretha describes her mom as â€Å"a Superb singer, her voice was clear and distinctive†. (Franklin and Ritz, 6) Her parents taught her how to sing with great pride. This was a big issue because the late ‘50s, early ‘60s was a time of turmoil for African Americans. Her father especially tried to instill pride into her. He was a Civil Rights activist and he was a close colleague with Dr. Martin Luther King. With her parents keeping her involved in Church she was bound to become one of the world’s greatest singers. At around age 12, the father recognized Aretha’s talent as a singer. So he took her on the road with his traveling gospel show. This was important because it shows the kind of support Aretha received from her family. It was said, â€Å"She was a spellbinding performer at the age of fourteen. † (Franklin, 3) So her family really supported and inspired her to become a gospel singer. What also made her a great artist was that she had inspiring people all around her. Aretha grew up in Detroit which at the time was a rousing city or a city of hope for the African Americans running away from the brutality of the South. Though Detroit still had its problems such as race riots, many famous musicians grew up there. Also since New Bethel Baptist Church was so prominent, many musicians and political leaders used Reverend Franklin’s pulpit as a platform to sing or speak to the Black’s of Detroit. Aretha was introduced to classical music by Smokey Robinson’s sister Sylvia Burston. She listened to well known local DJ’s like Ruth Brown and Senator Brystal Brown. When Aretha was younger, she would ride her bike to the local park, and on her way home she would stop by a night club where you could here B. B. King perform. She says, â€Å"You could hear the soft sound of his guitar all the way to the sidewalk (Franklin and Ritz, 22). National and local political leaders would give there speeches. Speakers such as Dr. Adam Clayton Powell, Sr. , Dr. Martin Luther King, and Reverend Jesse Jackson would speak powerfully to the church. Aretha was directly influenced by Miriam Anderson, Sammy Davis, and Roy Wilkins. Detroit was overflowing with talent and speakers which I believe also contributed to Aretha’s success. Pain was probably what really drove Aretha Franklin’s success. As stated before, Franklin’s family was highly religious and was continually involved in the Church. But that doesn’t mean that she hadn’t been through a tremendous amount of pain. Early in life her mother and father got a divorce. The father was better suitable to raise Aretha and her four Siblings. The mother moved to Buffalo, New York and tried to make regular visits to see her children. She was supported her children in the best way she could, but when Aretha needed her, she still was not reachable. Matters became worst a few years later when Aretha’s mom dies of a stroke. Aretha described her mom by saying â€Å"she was the absolute lady† (Smith, 3). At age 15 she had her first child and two years later another would come. But Aretha still wanted to go out and be with friends, so her grandmother usually babysat for her periodically. In a time when Black Activism, Feminism, and Sexual Liberation were high, she needed to provide for herself. So when Aretha was old enough and was ready to start performing, she hired a man named Ted White to be her manager. He later became her husband. In the future she would divorce him for a famous actor which would end in divorce, too. Even though in 1968 to 1969, Franklin’s career was rising rapidly. She was still described by her Producer Jerry Wexler as â€Å"a person whose depressions runs deeper than the sea† (Ritchie Unterberger, 3). Then one of Franklin’s highest admirers, gospel giant Mahalia Jackson died. Right after her death a extremely emotional gospel album was released my Aretha â€Å"Amazing Grace† This record was considered to be one of the most emotional records of its time. Much of the pain that Aretha suffered was not really publicized, but still it had to be one of the reasons for her to have such a powerful voice. Aretha Franklin was a successful artist and still inspires musicians today. Her voice is still described as incredible. She has all the awards that she needs to show her talent. Works cited Franklin, Aretha, and David Ritz. Aretha: From These Roots. New York: Villard, 1999. Print. Carroll, Jillian. Aretha Franklin. Chicago: Raintree, 2004. Print.

Jesus Christ and the Red Cross Knight Essay -- essays papers

Jesus Christ and the Red Cross Knight In his first book of The Faerie Queen, Edmund Spenser recites the tale of the Red Cross Knight and the many trials and tribulations that he encounters along his quest to save Princess Una's kingdom. Throughout the tale Spenser makes many allusions to the Red Cross Knight being a Christ-like character. All of the qualities and attributes which Red Cross develops along the way lead up to his personification of Christ on the third day of the dragon fight. Many of these allusions are contained in small images and references. The first image that Spenser uses to relate the tale's significance to Christianity and Christ appears in canto I stanza iv: A lovely Ladie rode him faire beside, Upon a lowly Asse more white then snow, Yet she much whiter,... Seemed in heart some hidden care she had, And by her line a milke white lambe she lad. (I.iv.) An image from the New Testament can be grasped from this scene. Picture Red Cross as Joseph on his way to Bethlehem leading the Virgin Mother Mary, Princess Una, who is riding on an ass carrying Jesus Christ the Lamb of God in her womb or in this case behind her. Although through this image Red Cross is seen as Joseph and not Christ, it is understood later in the story that the lamb represents what Red Cross could become through the help of Una and the trials he will face during his quest. The vision of Una as the virgin Mother of Christ solidifies her as having such characteristics as chastity, truth, and innocence. Each of these cement Una in the role of a perfect Romance maiden, one who can lead her champion to his utmost potential: that of a true romance hero. The adventures of Red Cross mirror the temptation in the dessert ... ...dragon with his sword, which represents "God's Word", he aims at the mouth of the beast, "exemplifying Christ destroying Original Sin at the source and or Satan. (pg.150; foot#6)" By ideologically "killing Satan" Red Cross has reached his full potential and in the future will become St. George. In this first book of The Fairie Queen Edmund Spenser embodies in his main character, the Red Cross Knight, humanity's battle with Satan and evil. Throughout the epic the Red Cross Knight and even Prince Arthur are, continually representing Jesus Christ and his victories on the Cross and at the end of time. They are both representing Jesus Christ in all that they do and the qualities of a good Christian. This personification of Christ culminates at the end of the story with the Red Cross Knight's victory over the dragon. Bibliography: Edmund Spenser's Fairie Queen

Importance of Tolerance in a Community

â€Å"What is Tolerance? It is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty and error; let us pardon reciprocally each other’s folly-that is the first law of nature. † (Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, pg. 206) Tolerance is showing respect to others by appreciating others and allowing them to live. Individuals have different religions, opinions, practices and attitudes. Tolerance is about accepting other people’s lifestyle or beliefs without being judgmental. It contributes to a universal peace.Unfortunately, too much suffering is nurtured in this world due to lack of tolerance. Moreover, one should ask if tolerance should have a limit particularly when it goes against moral values. Tolerance contributes in making a society stable. Without it, there would be no progression and no peace. In a society where different religious groups reside, it is essential. Every person is called to respect others’ practices and appreciate their contribution to a multi-racial community. Tolerance brings more justice, more equality and less racism. All people are born free and equal in dignity and rights, and they should not be discriminated against because of their nationality, ethnicity, religion, race, gender, political opinions, wealth or property. † (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations, 1948). However, there is a high degree of intolerance for example between Israeli Jews and Palestinians. They are killing in the name of identity, statehood and religion. For the economy of a community to flourish, tolerance must play an important role at the workplace.Higher productivity can be achieved if colleagues work together while understanding each other. A modern system of management keeps fighting and bullying away. The employer and the employee respect each other on the basic principle of tolerance. Tolerance at the workplace means respecting the attitude and practices of another person. Co-workers can feel more at ease with each other and concentrate on their work. People may do the same thing in different ways or hold opposing attitudes. Furthermore, employees should be able to accept the policies and laws of the workplace and by being tolerant this can be achieved.Tolerance at workplace therefore reduces frustration and improves happiness. Tolerance should also reside in families. It starts with the wife and the husband who afterwards show it towards the children. The modern family is a refuge from the problems of life. It is based on love and tolerance. Without tolerance in the parent-child relationship, there would be a lack of understanding. Furthermore, intolerance between wife and husband can lead to domestic violence. There would be too much tension in a home if tolerance was not practiced. It is an essential component in relationships.A better atmosphere prevails within bonds when it is present. Parents therefore should be able to teach tolerance to their children, for them to learn to be open to differences. In politics, tolerance plays a major function. Political tolerance is a key principle of democracy. It leads to better governance where genuine democracy prevails. Tolerance fosters democratic values as people have the right to voice their opinion. Criticism can be beneficial as tolerance helps us to accept others views. As a result, the opposition system can freely disapprove a government’s decisions and propose alternatives.Politicians should be able accept and respect the basic rights of persons and groups whose opinion differ from theirs. All citizens, including political leaders, have the responsibility to put political tolerance into practice by words and actions. For an individual to integrate in a community, he or she must be tolerant with himself or herself. He or she must know how to live with others. We cannot expect everyone to think alike. To live in peace and harmony, one must show respect for oneself and for others. One must accept o thers as they are and tolerance is the key to it.It is a way of life and it contributes to self-happiness and happiness for everyone. In addition, by showing tolerance to other, one gives an example of this virtue to his surroundings. Thus, one should include tolerance as one of his or her basic principle of life. However, as almost everything in life, tolerance has a limit. There are so many evils in society that cannot be encouraged such as drug consumption and trafficking, corruption, favoritism, violence and all sorts of crimes. â€Å"Tolerance ends where harm begins. † Tolerance is meant for the worthy, to fight for human rights and aim for peace; not to encourage injustice and harm.Severe sanctions need to be taken against illegal affairs and unmoral practices. Definitely tolerance has its place in every field of life. It makes relationships smoother, allows freedom of expression and freedom of opinion. For the economy, it contributes to a higher productivity. It can al so contribute to one’s happiness. It implies that one should accept differences of opinion and settle disputes peacefully. Countries can achieve peace and harmony through this basic principle of life. Tolerance is a basic principle of life that everyone should have. Nevertheless, we ought not to tolerate unjust practices.